Overview
Otorhinolaryngologists (also known as otolaryngologists or ear, nose and throat or ENT Surgeons) are surgical specialists who diagnose, evaluate and manage a wide range of diseases of the head and neck, including the ear, nose and throat regions. ENT surgeons often treat conditions that affect the senses such as hearing and balance disorders or smell and taste problems. They also treat patients with conditions that affect their voice, breathing and swallowing as well as those with head and neck tumors including the skull base and interface with the brain.
ENT surgeons may treat people of all ages from newborn babies to elderly people. They see more children than most other surgeons, apart from pediatric surgeons. One of the attractions is that they treat a wide spectrum of ages and diseases.
ENT surgeons treat a very wide range of conditions. These include:
- ear conditions
- nose conditions
- throat conditions
- head and neck conditions
- facial cosmetic surgery
ENT surgeons use many different surgical procedures including:
- insertion of grommets for glue ear – this involves a very small incision in the ear drum and is typically carried out on children. The grommets help to ventilate the middle ear and resolve middle ear effusions
- tonsillectomy (removal of tonsils) or adenoidectomy (removal of adenoids), most often in children
- septoplasty – correction of nasal septum to prevent obstruction and enable clear breathing
- micro laryngoscopy – a short metal tube (laryngoscope) is inserted into the larynx (voice box). This is used for examination and can also be used to perform a biopsy or surgery
- oesophagoscope – a long metal or flexible tube (oesophagoscope) is inserted through the mouth into the esophagus
- endoscopic sinus surgery – a tiny telescope is inserted into the nasal passages to diagnose and treat difficult sinus conditions. Technically refined instruments are then used to restore proper function
- tympan mastoid surgery to reconstruct and remove epithelial inclusions (cholesteatoma) within the middle ear
- open operations to remove neck lumps, and salivary gland tumors
- tracheostomy
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